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the declaration, see Vypiska iz Protokola No. 49 to secret U.S. deliberations, he would have real- and History, Romanian Ministry of Defense,
zasedaniya Prezidiuma TsK KPSS ot 30 ized that the United States had no intention of March 1994), pp. 7-8.
112 Protocol Nr. 58 al sedintei Biroului Politic
oktyabrya 1956 g.: O polozhenii v Vengrii, No. directly supporting the French-British-Israeli op-
P49/1 (Strictly Secret), 30 October 1956, in APRF, eration, either militarily or diplomatically. See, al CC al PMR din 30 oct. 1956, ff. 3-5.
113 Stenograficky zapis ze zasedani UV KSC,
F. 3, Op. 64, D. 484, Ll. 25-30. for example, Memorandum of a Conference with
90 Rabochaya zapis zasedaniya Prezidiuma TsK the President, White House, Washington, 30 Oc- 5-6 December 1956 (Top Secret), in SUA, Arch.
KPSS, 30 oktyabrya 1956 g., Ll. 9, 10. tober 1956, 10:06-10:55 am, in FRUS, 1955-57, UV KSC, F. 07, Sv. 14, Archivna jednotka (A.j.)
91 TsK KPSS, High-Frequency Transmission, Vol. XVI, pp. 851-855.
14.
101 114 Zabezpeceni klidu na uzemi CSR a statnich
30 October 1956 (Strictly Secret), in TsKhSD, F. Rabochaya zapis zasedaniya Prezidiuma
89, Op. 45, D. 12, L. 2. TsK KPSS, 4 noyabrya 1956 g., L. 34. On this hranic s Mad arskem, Report from Col.-General
92 Kovacs s remarks, at a meeting of the Inde- same point, Sandor Kopasci recounts a very in- Vaclav Kratochvil, chief of the Czechoslovak
pendent Smallholders Party in Pecs, were reported triguing comment that Ivan Serov, the head of General Staff, and Lieut.-General Jaroslav
in the first issue of the revived party newspaper the Soviet KGB, allegedly made when he was Dockal, chief of operations, 29 October 1956 (Top
Kis Ujsag (Budapest), 1 November 1956, p. 2. arresting Kopasci just after the invasion: Suez Secret), in Vojensky historicky archiv (VHA)
93
See the first-hand comments by Gyorgy G. caught us [in Moscow] by surprise. We were com- Praha, Fond Ministra narodni obrany (MNO)
Heltai, the Hungarian deputy foreign minister pelled to resort to military measures in the Danube CSR, 1956, Operacni sprava Generalniho stabu
under Nagy s government, International As- Basin because of that area s strategic importance cs. armady (GS/OS), 2/8-39b.
115 Ibid., p. 5.
pects, in Bela K. Kiraly and Paul Jonas, The to any operations we might conduct in the Near
116
Hungarian Revolution of 1956 in Retrospect, East East. See Kopasci, Au nom de la classe ouvriere, Souhrn hlaseni operacniho dustojnika
European Monograph No. XL (Boulder, Col.: p. 201. If Kopasci recorded Serov s statement Generalniho stabu cs. armady, Notes from Col.-
East European Quarterly, 1978), esp. pp. 52-53. accurately, and if assuming the statement is ac- General Vaclav Kratochvil, chief of the Czecho-
The negotiations are also briefly recounted in curate Serov was being sincere, this passage slovak General Staff, to the KSC Central Com-
Tibor Meray, Thirteen Days That Shook the Krem- sheds valuable light on Khrushchev s remarks. mittee (Top Secret), 27 October 1956, in VHA
102 Micunovic, Moscow Diary, p. 136.
lin: Imre Nagy and the Hungarian Revolution, Praha, F. MNO, 1956, GS/OS, 2/8-49b.
103 Ibid. 117 Rabochaya zapis zasedaniya Prezidiuma
trans. by Howard L. Katzander (London: Thames
104 Khrushchev, Memuary Nikity Sergeevicha TsK KPSS, 1 noyabrya 1956 g., 1 November
and Hudson, 1959), pp. 163-165; and Szemtol-
382 COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT BULLETIN
131 Ibid.
1956 (Top Secret), in TsKhSD, F. 3, Op. 12, D. pp. 132 and 138, which fully bear out
132
1006, L. 22. Rabochaya zapis zasedaniya Prezidiuma Khrushchev s version. Unfortunately, all Chinese
118 Wilfried Otto, ed., Ernst Wollweber: Aus TsK KPSS, 1 noyabrya 1956 g., 1 November archives that might shed greater light on China s
Erinnerungen Ein Portraet Walter Ulbrichts, 1956 (Top Secret), in TsKhSD, F. 3, Op. 12, D. role in the 1956 events are still closed. For an
Beitraege zur Geschichte der Arbeiterbewegung 1006, Ll. 19-22. assessment based on Chinese-language evidence
133 See, for example, Mikoyan s comments dur- that has surfaced to date largely memoirs
(Berlin), No. 3 (1990), pp. 365-367.
119 Speech by Grotewohl to the CC plenum of ing the secret proceedings of the June 1957 CPSU (whose reliability is questionable) and published
the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED), 13 CC plenum (which removed the Anti-Party compilations of documents selected and edited
November 1956, in Stiftung Archiv der Parteien Group), in Plenum TsK KPSS, iyun 1957 goda: by Chinese authorities see Chen Jian, Beijing
und Massenorganisationen im Bundesarchiv, Stenograficheskii otchet, No. P2500 (Strictly and the Hungarian Crisis of 1956, presented at
Zentrales Parteiarchiv (Berlin), DY 30/IV 2/1/ Secret), 22-29 June 1957, in TsKhSD, F. 2, Op. the Conference on Hungary and the World,
166, p. 247. 1, D. 259, Ll. 27ob-28ob. 1956. Chen Jian and other scholars are seeking
120 134
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